Practice questions without fighting the page.

<p><b>Explanation:</b></p> <ul> <li><b>Correct: D. at</b> – We say <i>surprised at</i> when reacting to news or a situation. It shows your reaction to something you heard or learned.</li> <li><b>By</b> – used for the cause/agent (e.g., <i>surprised by the news</i> is less common here).</li> <li><b>With</b> – means accompanied by someone/something; not standard for reaction to news.</li> <li><b>Upon</b> – archaic/rare in modern use for this sense.</li> </ul>

<b>Route</b> means a way or course taken in getting from a starting point to a destination.

<b>Correct answer: John McCarthy</b> <ul> <li><b>Reason:</b> John McCarthy coined the term "artificial intelligence" and organized the 1956 Dartmouth Conference, the birth of AI as a field.</li> <li><b>Key concept:</b> Founder of AI as a discipline; laid foundations for AI programming and research directions.</li> <li><b>Why others are incorrect:</b> <ul> <li>Charles Babbage – conceived the Analytical Engine, early computing but not AI father.</li> <li>Lee De Forest – invented the vacuum tube; radio tech, not AI.</li> <li>J. P. Eckert – co-created ENIAC, early computing, not AI leader.</li> </ul></li> <li><b>Exam tip:</b> Remember: “McCarthy = AI origin” is a common fact-based association in exams.</li> </ul>