Mountains & Passes MCQ Questions with Answers

The correct latitude is the Tropic of Cancer (around 23.5° N). It passes through the northern part of India, defining the tropical boundary for the sun’s vertical rays during the solstice. The Equator is 0° and runs through other continents; the Arctic Circle lies far north of India; the Tropic of Capricorn is in the southern hemisphere and does not pass through India. Understanding these latitudes helps explain the climate and daylight variation across different parts of the country.

The Tropic of Cancer is the northernmost latitude reached by theSun at noon on its solstices. It passes through parts of India, including Gujarat and Jharkhand. Mizoram lies near the eastern frontier and, despite being close to the Tropic line in some maps, is considered intersected along its northern fringe. Assam does not lie on this latitude. The correct combination shows states that the Tropic of Cancer traverses among the given options: Gujarat, Jharkhand, and Mizoram.

The pair not properly matched is Kodai Kanal - Kerala. Kodai Kanal (Kodaikanal) is a hill station in Tamil Nadu, not Kerala. Bokaro is in Jharkhand, Rohtang Pass is in Himachal Pradesh, and Rourkela is in Odisha, so those pairs are correct. This question tests knowledge of Indian geography and the locations of major towns and places.

Sahyadri Hills is another name for the Western Ghats. These mountains run along the western edge of the Indian peninsula, parallel to the coast, forming a major geographic barrier between the Deccan Plateau and the Western coast. They influence climate, rainfall, and biodiversity across several states. The term “Sahyadri” is commonly used in Indian geography to refer to this same mountain range, so choosing Wester Ghats correctly identifies the well-known range in western India. Aravali, Himadri, and Maldives are different places or terms not related to this range.

The correct answer is Nilgiri hills. The Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats converge at the Nilgiri range, a mountain belt located at the junction of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. This area marks the only major meeting point of the two major hill ranges in peninsular India, forming the Nilgiri plateau and surrounding hills. Cardamom hills are part of the Western Ghats but do not mark the meeting point. Annamalai hills are in Tamil Nadu separate from the confluence, and Palghat (Palakkad) is a pass in the Western Ghats, not a meeting point itself.

Trans-humance refers to the seasonal movement of people with their livestock between fixed summer (highland) and winter (lowland) pastures. It contrasts with simple pastoralism, which may be more sedentary or nomadic without fixed seasonal routes. In the Himalayan context, herders move to highlands in summer to graze young grasses and descend to lower lands in winter when high pastures are less available. The key idea is the systematic, recurring transfer between two sets of grazing grounds. Nomadism implies continuous movement without fixed seasonal destinations, while ranching is typically large-scale, enclosed cattle farming. Hence, trans-humance best fits the described practice.