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Indian Geography MCQs with Answers & AI Explanation
Practice exam-level Indian Geography MCQs for SSC, UPSC, Railways, Banking, TPSC/APSC/WBPSC/State PSC and other competitive exams. Each solution can be generated and saved automatically for future visitors.
Q511. With reference to the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), consider the following statements:
(i) The prime concern of ASI is the maintenance of ancient monuments and archaeological sites and remains of national importance.
(ii) It does not regulate the Antiquities and Art Treasures Act, 1972.
(iii) Alexander Cunningham was appointed as the first Director General of ASI.
(iv) ASI is attached to the Ministry of Education, Government of India.
Select the correct statement/st
- (i) True — ASI’s prime concern is the maintenance of ancient monuments and archaeological sites and remains of national importance.
- (iii) True — Alexander Cunningham was the first Director General of the Archaeological Survey of India.
- (ii) False — ASI regulates under the Antiquities and Art Treasures Act, 1972.
- (iv) False — ASI is attached to the Ministry of Culture, not the Ministry of Education.
Exam fact: ASI functions under the Ministry of Culture.
Q512. Whichof the following National Parks in India are World Heritage Sites?
(i) Keoladeo National Park
(ii) Manas National Park
(iii) Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve
(iv) Great Himalayan National Park
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
All four are UNESCO World Heritage Sites for their remarkable natural heritage. Keoladeo National Park in Rajasthan is a WHS for its avifauna and wetlands. Manas National Park in Assam is recognized for its biodiversity and landscape. Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve is part of the WHS titled Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks. Great Himalayan National Park in Himachal Pradesh is also a WHS for its pristine Himalayan ecosystems. Hence, options (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.
Keoladeo National Park was designated a World Heritage Site in 1985.
All four parks—Keoladeo, Manas, Nanda Devi–Valley of Flowers, and Great Himalayan National Park—are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Q513. Protection of wildlife comes under which of the following in the Constitution of India?
(i) Fundamental Duties
(ii) Directive Principles
(iii) Seventh Schedule
(iv) Fundamental Rights
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Protection of wildlife is covered under: - Fundamental Duties: Article 51A(g) obliges citizens to protect wildlife and conserve the environment. - Directive Principles: Article 48A directs the State to protect the environment and safeguard wildlife. - Seventh Schedule: Matters related to forests and wildlife are dealt with in the Concurrent List, thus enabling both Centre and States to legislate for wildlife protection. Hence, the correct combination includes (i), (ii), and (iii). Fundamental Rights are not the primary vehicle for protecting wildlife.
Article 48A, directing the State to protect the environment and safeguard wildlife, was incorporated by the Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976.
Wildlife protection in India is stated in Fundamental Duties (Article 51A), Directive Principles (Article 48A), and is part of the Concurrent List in the Seventh Schedule.
Q514. What is the name of the feature that allows organisms to survive in the conditions of their habitat?
👁 1 viewsAdaptation refers to a feature (structural, behavioral, or physiological) that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its specific environment. It arises through natural selection over many generations, favoring traits that improve fitness in local conditions. Other options are not correct: Adjustment is a general term not standard in biology for survival features; Acclimatization is a reversible, short-term response of an individual to changing conditions; Adaptive variation is a broad term that describes variation among individuals, not a single feature enabling survival in a habitat.
Adaptations can be structural (like a cactus spine), behavioral (like nocturnal activity in heat), or physiological (like antifreeze proteins in some fish).
Adaptation = a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.
Q515. With respect to the location sequence of the given rivers/mountain passes/mountain peaks,
which of the following sequences is/are correct?
(i) Jhelum - Chenab - Ravi - Sutlej
(ii) Zoji La - Lipulekh - Shipki La - Jelep La
(iii) Mahendragiri - Mahabaleshwar - Doddabetta -Anamudi
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Idea: arrange items by their geographic location from north to south. (i) Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej are major rivers in the north-western region; their relative longitudinal order is not the simple north-to-south sequence given, so this formation is not correct. (ii) Lipulekh, Jelep La, Shipki La are mountain passes located along the northern to north-western frontier; their north-to-south order is Lipulekh → Shipki La → Jelep La in common geographic orientation, making the given sequence acceptable in a north-to-south context. (iii) Mahendragiri, Mahabaleshwar, Doddabetta, Anamudi are peaks in different parts of south India; when arranged roughly from north to south, the sequence aligns with the locations of these peaks in the southern peninsula, making this sequence correct as well. Therefore, only (ii) and (iii) are correct.
Q516. Read the following two statements :
Statement 1:
Sex ratio of population in Kerala is higher than national average.
Statement 2 :
The life expectancy of female population in Kerala is higher than male population.
Select the correct answer from the following options.
Statement 1 is true: Kerala’s sex ratio is higher than the national average. Statement 2 is also true: in Kerala, female life expectancy is higher than male life expectancy. However, the fact that women live longer does not explain why the overall sex ratio is higher; the ratio reflects the balance of births, deaths, and migration between sexes, and longer female life expectancy alone does not account for more females per 1000 males in the population. Therefore, both statements are correct, but statement 2 does not explain statement 1.
In many Indian states, including Kerala, female life expectancy exceeds male life expectancy.
A higher sex ratio and higher female life expectancy are separate demographic patterns; one does not necessarily explain the other.
Q517. With reference to the tribes of NorthEast India, which of the following statements is/are correct?
(i) The Ao tribe is mainly concentrated in Mokokchung district of Nagaland.
(ii) The Sherdukpens are mainly concentrated in West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh.
(iii) The Reangs are mainly concentrated in Mizoram.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
The Ao tribe is predominantly concentrated in Mokokchung district in Nagaland, making statement (i) correct. The Sherdukpens are a Naga tribe mainly found in West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh, so statement (ii) is also correct. The Reangs (Bru) are mainly found in Tripura and parts of Mizoram; saying they are mainly in Mizoram (statement iii) is not accurate. Therefore, the correct choice is (i) and (ii) only.
Ao is one of the major Naga tribes inhabiting Nagaland and has its own distinct language, culture, and traditional governance systems.
Ao: Mokokchung, Nagaland; Sherdukpens: West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh; Reangs: primarily in Tripura and Mizoram (not mainly in Mizoram).
Q518. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the UNDP in 2015 contain certain number of goals to be achieved by 2030. What is the total number of goals to be achieved as per SDG?
👁 1 views- The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted in 2015 by the United Nations aim to be achieved by 2030. They comprise 17 goals across economic, social, and environmental dimensions.
- Exam fact: Sometimes questions ask for “SDGs to be achieved by 2030”; remember the number is 17, not 15 or 20.
- Why others are wrong:
- A (19), C (21), D (26) – incorrect count not aligned with the 2030 Agenda.
Q519. With reference to the Forest Survey Report, 2021 of the Government of India, considerthe following
statements :
(i) Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under forest cover.
(ii) Mizoram has the highest percentage of area under forest cover.
(iii) Per capita availability of forestland is the highest in Sikkim.
Select the correct statement(s) using the codes given below.
- (i) True. As per Forest Survey Report 2021, Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under forest cover (in terms of forest area, not just percent).
- (ii) True. Mizoram has the highest percentage of forest cover among states.
- (iii) False. Per capita forestland is not highest in Sikkim (the highest per capita figure is reported for Mizoram).
- Exam fact: MP’s forest area extent remains the largest among states in recent FS Reports.
Q520. When drenched clouds are not able to cause rain because of the rising movement of extremely hot current of air, it leads to
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